Spine Condition
Bertolotti's syndrome is back and hip pain caused by an extra, oversized joint where the lowest spine vertebra meets the pelvis — and pinning down that source is the whole game.
Bertolotti's syndrome is low back and hip pain that comes from a transitional vertebra at the bottom of the lumbar spine. In some people, the lowest lumbar vertebra has an enlarged transverse process that forms an extra, often oversized joint with the sacrum or pelvis. That abnormal joint and the altered mechanics around it can become a genuine pain source.
A transitional vertebra is a common anatomical variant, and many people who have one never feel a thing. It only becomes Bertolotti's syndrome when that segment is actually generating pain. Because the discomfort sits low in the back and often spreads into the hip or buttock, it is frequently mistaken for ordinary disc or sacroiliac pain — which is why careful, targeted diagnosis is the key to getting it right.
Medically reviewed byDr. Hooman Melamed, MD, FAAOS
The challenge with Bertolotti's syndrome is proving that the transitional segment is the true pain source rather than an incidental finding. Dr. Melamed reviews X-rays and MRI to identify the transitional anatomy and any arthritis in the false joint, and a targeted, image-guided diagnostic injection into that joint is often the deciding test: meaningful, temporary relief points strongly to the transitional segment as the culprit. That confirmation is what prevents treating the wrong level.
Treatment for Bertolotti's syndrome starts conservatively and is guided by what the diagnostic workup shows. Physical therapy, activity adjustments, anti-inflammatory measures, and image-guided injections into the transitional joint can control symptoms for many people, and injections do double duty by confirming the pain source.
When pain is clearly localized to the transitional joint and injections give real but temporary relief, Dr. Melamed can remove the problem directly. He performs an endoscopic, CT-guided, navigated resection that he developed: through an incision under 1 cm, with CT imaging and navigation during the procedure, he removes the bone forming the false joint. It is done as an outpatient procedure, usually under local anesthesia with light sedation, with no fusion and a recovery plan built to avoid narcotics. In select cases with true instability, a limited stabilization may be the better option. Patient selection, treating only a confirmed pain source, matters as much as the technique.
If you experience chronic lower back pain, stiffness, or sciatica-like symptoms and have been diagnosed with Bertolotti’s syndrome (confirmed by X-ray, MRI, or CT), you may be a candidate. Dr. Melamed conducts a thorough evaluation to ensure this procedure is right for you, especially after conservative treatments like physical therapy or injections have failed.
Questions, Answered
It is a common variation where the lowest lumbar vertebra takes on features of the sacrum, often with an enlarged transverse process that forms an extra joint with the pelvis. Having one is normal and frequently painless. It is only called Bertolotti's syndrome when that segment is actually causing pain.
Because a transitional vertebra can be an incidental finding, confirmation matters. A targeted, image-guided injection into the false joint is often the deciding test — if it gives meaningful, temporary relief, that points strongly to the transitional segment. This step is what keeps treatment aimed at the right level.
Often, yes. Many people do well with physical therapy, activity adjustments, and image-guided injections into the transitional joint. Surgery is considered only when pain is clearly localized to that joint and conservative care has not lasted. When it is, Dr. Melamed's endoscopic resection removes the false joint through an incision under 1 cm.
The pain sits low in the back and spreads into the hip or buttock, which overlaps with disc and sacroiliac problems, so the transitional segment is easy to overlook. Recognizing the transitional anatomy and confirming it with a targeted injection is what distinguishes Bertolotti's syndrome from those look-alikes.
Bertolotti’s syndrome is a condition where an abnormal vertebra in the lower spine (lumbosacral transitional vertebra) causes chronic back pain, stiffness, or nerve irritation. Often misdiagnosed, it requires expert care. Dr. Hooman Melamed offers the endoscopic CT-guided navigated Bertolotti release.
With over 20 years as a board-certified orthopedic spine surgeon, Dr. Melamed is featured on Dr. Oz, The Doctors, and recognized by Castle Connolly. His Bertolotti release draws patients from California, the U.S., and worldwide to The Spine Pro in Beverly Hills.
Dr. Melamed offers virtual consultations for patients across the U.S. and internationally. Call (424) 217-7463 or request an appointment to connect with our Beverly Hills team.
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